29 de set. de 2011
The Failure of State-Sponsored Schooling
The Failure of State-Sponsored Schooling
- Highlight Loc. 48-50 | Added on Saturday, July 30, 2011, 07:34 AM
This is the true failure of the schooling system, and this failure is a reason politicians want to make public schooling "better." The radicals, if you will, are not only proof that the schooling system isn't bulletproof; they are also, simply through existing, showing the horrors of public schooling: that most kids end up essentially the same when "educated."
Milton Friedman Unraveled
Milton Friedman Unraveled
- Highlight Loc. 130-33 | Added on Friday, July 29, 2011, 05:24 PM
These Albanians are invariable poor slum dwellers, and yet there is no Albanian-American on welfare. Why? Because, said one of their leaders, "Albanians do not beg, and to Albanians, taking welfare is like begging in the street."
Milton Friedman Unraveled
Milton Friedman Unraveled
- Highlight Loc. 127-30 | Added on Friday, July 29, 2011, 05:24 PM
More important, there is the glowing fact that certain religious groups, even when significantly poorer than the rest of the population, simply do not go on welfare because of their deeply held ethical beliefs. Thus, the Chinese-Americans, while largely poor, are almost never to be found on welfare. A recent article on Albanian-Americans in New York City highlights that same point.
Milton Friedman Unraveled
Milton Friedman Unraveled
- Highlight Loc. 119-23 | Added on Friday, July 29, 2011, 05:23 PM
Secondly, the supply of welfare clients is inversely proportion to another vitally important factor: the cultural or value disincentive of going on welfare. If this disincentive is strong, if, for example, an individual or group strongly believes that it is evil to go on welfare, they will not do it, period. If, on the other hand, they do not care about the stigma of welfare, or, worse yet, they regard welfare payments as their right – a right to exert a compulsory, looting claim upon production – then the number of people on welfare will increase astronomically, as has happened in recent years.
28 de set. de 2011
Milton Friedman Unraveled
Milton Friedman Unraveled
- Highlight Loc. 119-23 | Added on Friday, July 29, 2011, 05:23 PM
Secondly, the supply of welfare clients is inversely proportion to another vitally important factor: the cultural or value disincentive of going on welfare. If this disincentive is strong, if, for example, an individual or group strongly believes that it is evil to go on welfare, they will not do it, period. If, on the other hand, they do not care about the stigma of welfare, or, worse yet, they regard welfare payments as their right – a right to exert a compulsory, looting claim upon production – then the number of people on welfare will increase astronomically, as has happened in recent years.
- Highlight Loc. 119-23 | Added on Friday, July 29, 2011, 05:23 PM
Secondly, the supply of welfare clients is inversely proportion to another vitally important factor: the cultural or value disincentive of going on welfare. If this disincentive is strong, if, for example, an individual or group strongly believes that it is evil to go on welfare, they will not do it, period. If, on the other hand, they do not care about the stigma of welfare, or, worse yet, they regard welfare payments as their right – a right to exert a compulsory, looting claim upon production – then the number of people on welfare will increase astronomically, as has happened in recent years.
The Theory of Idle Resources (W. H. Hutt)
The Theory of Idle Resources (W. H. Hutt)
- Highlight Loc. 980-82 | Added on Thursday, July 28, 2011, 04:28 PM
In extreme cases, those in the poorer classes who express such preferences are classed as “won’t-works,” described as “work-shy” and so forth; and they are thought of as a social problem. Now the cause of unemployment in this case is a preference. It implies no wrong use of resources, given the social will.
- Highlight Loc. 980-82 | Added on Thursday, July 28, 2011, 04:28 PM
In extreme cases, those in the poorer classes who express such preferences are classed as “won’t-works,” described as “work-shy” and so forth; and they are thought of as a social problem. Now the cause of unemployment in this case is a preference. It implies no wrong use of resources, given the social will.
Milton Friedman Unraveled
Milton Friedman Unraveled
- Highlight Loc. 69-75 | Added on Friday, July 29, 2011, 05:13 PM
In common with their Keynesian colleagues, the Friedmanites wish to give to the central government absolute control over these macro areas, in order to manipulate the economy for social ends, while maintaining that the micro world can still remain free. In short, Friedmanites as well as Keynesians concede the vital macro sphere to statism as the supposedly necessary framework for the micro-freedom of the free market. In reality, the macro and micro spheres are integrated and intertwined, as the Austrians have shown. It is impossible to concede the macro sphere to the State while attempting to retain freedom on the micro level. Any sort of tax, and the income tax not least of all, injects systematic robbery and confiscation into the micro sphere of the individual, and has unfortunate and distortive effects on the entire economic system.
- Highlight Loc. 69-75 | Added on Friday, July 29, 2011, 05:13 PM
In common with their Keynesian colleagues, the Friedmanites wish to give to the central government absolute control over these macro areas, in order to manipulate the economy for social ends, while maintaining that the micro world can still remain free. In short, Friedmanites as well as Keynesians concede the vital macro sphere to statism as the supposedly necessary framework for the micro-freedom of the free market. In reality, the macro and micro spheres are integrated and intertwined, as the Austrians have shown. It is impossible to concede the macro sphere to the State while attempting to retain freedom on the micro level. Any sort of tax, and the income tax not least of all, injects systematic robbery and confiscation into the micro sphere of the individual, and has unfortunate and distortive effects on the entire economic system.
25 de set. de 2011
Jack Kerouac - Os vagabundos iluminados
Jack Kerouac - Os vagabundos iluminados
- Highlight Loc. 2024-26 | Added on Monday, July 25, 2011, 01:49 PM
"Será que existe um ensinamento específico e definitivo que deve ser transmitido a todas as criaturas vivas?", era a questão provavelmente apresentada ao nevado Dipankara de sobrancelhas peludas, e sua resposta era o bramido do silêncio do diamante.
- Highlight Loc. 2024-26 | Added on Monday, July 25, 2011, 01:49 PM
"Será que existe um ensinamento específico e definitivo que deve ser transmitido a todas as criaturas vivas?", era a questão provavelmente apresentada ao nevado Dipankara de sobrancelhas peludas, e sua resposta era o bramido do silêncio do diamante.
The Theory of Idle Resources (W. H. Hutt)
The Theory of Idle Resources (W. H. Hutt)
- Highlight Loc. 750-52 | Added on Monday, July 25, 2011, 01:33 PM
Thus, all my unutilized consumers’ capital goods in my home, from my radio-set to my telephone and fire-extinguisher, bring me continuous satisfactions simply through my knowledge that they are there.
- Highlight Loc. 750-52 | Added on Monday, July 25, 2011, 01:33 PM
Thus, all my unutilized consumers’ capital goods in my home, from my radio-set to my telephone and fire-extinguisher, bring me continuous satisfactions simply through my knowledge that they are there.
The Theory of Idle Resources (W. H. Hutt)
The Theory of Idle Resources (W. H. Hutt)
- Highlight Loc. 732-41 | Added on Monday, July 25, 2011, 01:31 PM
The simplest illustrations of the productive service of mere availability seem almost fatuous. Consider capital consumers’ commodities of occasional utilization like the gramophone which is played only at odd times, the silk hat which is worn only at weddings and funerals, or the picture which is only providing obvious “satisfactions” when it is actually looked at. To refer to these as in “pseudo-idleness” may appear ironical. But closely parallel cases clearly involve problems of some importance. Thus, I may have a dozen suits of clothes, three cars (two of which are always in the garage), and so forth. One obvious aspect of all these things is that they are purchased “to be available.” A good deal of plant in the industrial world is also in this state. It exists because from time to time it will happen to be wanted. The most indubitable cases in the field of producers’ goods are those in which the phenomenon of “pseudo-idleness” has some regular periodicity. Thus, the plant of a salmon canning factory will not be working out of season, but it will not be unproductive because of that. Ploughs and harvesting machinery may have no alternative uses until the return of the appropriate season. The bottling apparatus of a jam factory may be still for the early hours of each conventional working day. Such regular, recurrent idleness can be confidently classed as “pseudo-idleness.”
- Highlight Loc. 732-41 | Added on Monday, July 25, 2011, 01:31 PM
The simplest illustrations of the productive service of mere availability seem almost fatuous. Consider capital consumers’ commodities of occasional utilization like the gramophone which is played only at odd times, the silk hat which is worn only at weddings and funerals, or the picture which is only providing obvious “satisfactions” when it is actually looked at. To refer to these as in “pseudo-idleness” may appear ironical. But closely parallel cases clearly involve problems of some importance. Thus, I may have a dozen suits of clothes, three cars (two of which are always in the garage), and so forth. One obvious aspect of all these things is that they are purchased “to be available.” A good deal of plant in the industrial world is also in this state. It exists because from time to time it will happen to be wanted. The most indubitable cases in the field of producers’ goods are those in which the phenomenon of “pseudo-idleness” has some regular periodicity. Thus, the plant of a salmon canning factory will not be working out of season, but it will not be unproductive because of that. Ploughs and harvesting machinery may have no alternative uses until the return of the appropriate season. The bottling apparatus of a jam factory may be still for the early hours of each conventional working day. Such regular, recurrent idleness can be confidently classed as “pseudo-idleness.”
18 de set. de 2011
Say's Law and the ABCT
Say's Law and the ABCT
- Highlight on Page 57 | Added on Wednesday, July 20, 2011, 11:51 AM
Indeed, that is one of the things that separates the two groups of economists as outlined above by Sowell. Economists who believe that economic recessions are caused by a sudden fall in aggregate expenditures also are going to believe that a new injection of bank credit and government spending will set matters right. However, economists who agree with Say and the Austrians that booms disturb the fundamental proportions of goods within an economy also will recognize that government policies—and especially the kind advocated by Keynes and his followers—will cause further distortions, thus making the economic downturn even worse.
- Highlight on Page 57 | Added on Wednesday, July 20, 2011, 11:51 AM
Indeed, that is one of the things that separates the two groups of economists as outlined above by Sowell. Economists who believe that economic recessions are caused by a sudden fall in aggregate expenditures also are going to believe that a new injection of bank credit and government spending will set matters right. However, economists who agree with Say and the Austrians that booms disturb the fundamental proportions of goods within an economy also will recognize that government policies—and especially the kind advocated by Keynes and his followers—will cause further distortions, thus making the economic downturn even worse.
Somalia After State Collapse
Somalia After State Collapse (PublicationsCoordinator)
- Highlight on Page 22 | Added on Monday, July 11, 2011, 05:50 AM
When a dispute arises between two members of different clans, their clan elders must reach a compromise. If they are unable to do so, they appoint an elder from another clan to settle the dispute
- Highlight on Page 22 | Added on Monday, July 11, 2011, 05:50 AM
When a dispute arises between two members of different clans, their clan elders must reach a compromise. If they are unable to do so, they appoint an elder from another clan to settle the dispute
Somalia After State Collapse
Somalia After State Collapse (PublicationsCoordinator)
- Highlight on Page 21 | Added on Monday, July 11, 2011, 05:49 AM
The Somali customary law (Xeer) has existed since pre-colonial times, and it continued to operate under colonial rule. The Somali nation state tried to replace the Xeer with government legislation and enforcement. However, in rural areas and border regions where the Somali government lacked firm control, people continued to apply the common law. When the Somali state collapsed, much of the population returned to their traditional legal system. The Xeer outlaws homicide, assault, torture, battery, rape, accidental wounding, kidnapping, abduction, robbery, burglary, theft, arson, extortion, fraud, and property damage (Van Notten 2005: 49). The legal system focuses on the restitution of victims, not the punishment of criminals. For violations of the law, maximum payments to compensate victims are specified in camels (payment can be made in equivalent monetary value). Typical compensation to the family of a murder victim is 100 camels for a man and 50 for a woman; an animal thief usually must return two animals for every one he stole.
- Highlight on Page 21 | Added on Monday, July 11, 2011, 05:49 AM
The Somali customary law (Xeer) has existed since pre-colonial times, and it continued to operate under colonial rule. The Somali nation state tried to replace the Xeer with government legislation and enforcement. However, in rural areas and border regions where the Somali government lacked firm control, people continued to apply the common law. When the Somali state collapsed, much of the population returned to their traditional legal system. The Xeer outlaws homicide, assault, torture, battery, rape, accidental wounding, kidnapping, abduction, robbery, burglary, theft, arson, extortion, fraud, and property damage (Van Notten 2005: 49). The legal system focuses on the restitution of victims, not the punishment of criminals. For violations of the law, maximum payments to compensate victims are specified in camels (payment can be made in equivalent monetary value). Typical compensation to the family of a murder victim is 100 camels for a man and 50 for a woman; an animal thief usually must return two animals for every one he stole.
14 de set. de 2011
Lucid Dreaming, Stephen LaBerge - Highlight Loc. 1214-24
Lucid Dreaming, Stephen LaBerge
Highlight Loc. 1214-24 | Added on Monday, July 04, 2011, 03:53 AM
Likewise, the nineteenth-century pioneer of dream research, Alfred Maury, recalled late in his life a dream he had had many years earlier, in which he somehow had gotten mixed up with the French Revolution. After witnessing a number of scenes of murder, he was himself brought before the revolutionary tribunal. After a long trial in which he saw Robespierre, Marat, and other heroes of the revolution, he was sentenced to death and led to the place of execution in the midst of the usual jeering mob. Waiting his turn among the condemned, he watched the quick and grisly work of the guillotine. Then his turn came and he mounted the scaffold. The executioner tied him to the board and tipped it into place. The blade fell ... and at this critical point, Maury awoke in terror, only to find his head still attached to his body. He realized almost at once what had happened: the headboard had fallen on his neck. He concluded that his lengthy dream must have been initiated by the impact of the headboard on his neck, and that the entire dream must have taken place in the briefest instant! (If you suppose that these are only the beliefs of centuries gone by, note that as recently as 1981 a well-respected dream researcher published a paper supporting the view that dreams take place during the brief time of awakening.1)
Highlight Loc. 1214-24 | Added on Monday, July 04, 2011, 03:53 AM
Likewise, the nineteenth-century pioneer of dream research, Alfred Maury, recalled late in his life a dream he had had many years earlier, in which he somehow had gotten mixed up with the French Revolution. After witnessing a number of scenes of murder, he was himself brought before the revolutionary tribunal. After a long trial in which he saw Robespierre, Marat, and other heroes of the revolution, he was sentenced to death and led to the place of execution in the midst of the usual jeering mob. Waiting his turn among the condemned, he watched the quick and grisly work of the guillotine. Then his turn came and he mounted the scaffold. The executioner tied him to the board and tipped it into place. The blade fell ... and at this critical point, Maury awoke in terror, only to find his head still attached to his body. He realized almost at once what had happened: the headboard had fallen on his neck. He concluded that his lengthy dream must have been initiated by the impact of the headboard on his neck, and that the entire dream must have taken place in the briefest instant! (If you suppose that these are only the beliefs of centuries gone by, note that as recently as 1981 a well-respected dream researcher published a paper supporting the view that dreams take place during the brief time of awakening.1)
13 de set. de 2011
Ubersleep
Ubersleep
Highlight on Page 52 | Added on Tuesday, June 07, 2011, 10:17 AM
The fact is that I know that polyphasic sleep (done properly) can have a positive, or even miraculous-seeming, effect on common sleep disorders. This may be because a large part of many sleep-disorders has to do with bad sleep habits, failed sleep rhythms, and general difficulties getting attuned to one's sleep cycle (or having one that isn't whacky). Polyphasic sleep has, I think, the effect of erasing the entire whiteboard of your sleep-cycles and rewriting it from scratch, in a strict and therefore stable way.
Highlight on Page 52 | Added on Tuesday, June 07, 2011, 10:17 AM
The fact is that I know that polyphasic sleep (done properly) can have a positive, or even miraculous-seeming, effect on common sleep disorders. This may be because a large part of many sleep-disorders has to do with bad sleep habits, failed sleep rhythms, and general difficulties getting attuned to one's sleep cycle (or having one that isn't whacky). Polyphasic sleep has, I think, the effect of erasing the entire whiteboard of your sleep-cycles and rewriting it from scratch, in a strict and therefore stable way.
PRICES AND PRODUCTION, Hayek
PRICES AND PRODUCTION, Hayek
Highlight on Page ccx | Added on Saturday, June 04, 2011, 06:13 PM
It is just because with every increase in the volume of money, whether it is made available first for consumption or first for production,the relative size of the demand for those means of production that already exists or which has been directly enlarged by an increase in money must eventually contract in relation to the demand for consumption goods,that a more or less severe reaction will follow.This frantic game of now enlarging,now contracting the productive apparatus through increases in the volume of money injected,now on the production,now on the consumption side,is always going on under the present organization of currency. Both effects follow each other uninterruptedly and thus an extension or contraction of the productive process is brought about, according to whether credit creation for productive purposes is accelerated or retarded.So long as the volume of money in circulation is continually changing,we cannot get rid of industrial fluctuations.In particular,every monetary policy that aims at stabilizing the value of money and involves,therefore,an increase of its supply with every increase of production,must bring about those very fluctuations that it is trying to prevent
Highlight on Page ccx | Added on Saturday, June 04, 2011, 06:13 PM
It is just because with every increase in the volume of money, whether it is made available first for consumption or first for production,the relative size of the demand for those means of production that already exists or which has been directly enlarged by an increase in money must eventually contract in relation to the demand for consumption goods,that a more or less severe reaction will follow.This frantic game of now enlarging,now contracting the productive apparatus through increases in the volume of money injected,now on the production,now on the consumption side,is always going on under the present organization of currency. Both effects follow each other uninterruptedly and thus an extension or contraction of the productive process is brought about, according to whether credit creation for productive purposes is accelerated or retarded.So long as the volume of money in circulation is continually changing,we cannot get rid of industrial fluctuations.In particular,every monetary policy that aims at stabilizing the value of money and involves,therefore,an increase of its supply with every increase of production,must bring about those very fluctuations that it is trying to prevent
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